Tax Tips
- Affordable Care Act Provisions Questions and Answers
- Alternative Minimum Tax
- Charitable Contributions
- Charitable Contributions - Tips on Travel
- College Tax Benefits Still Available for 2014 and Beyond
- Do you need to amend your return?
- Eight Things to Know If You Receive an IRS Notice
- Employer W-2 Filing Instructions
- Five Facts about Suspicious E-mails
- Five Filing Facts for Recently Married or Divorced Taxpayers
- Home Office Deduction - includes new simplified option
- Mileage rate
- New Identity Theft Scams
- Independent Contractor vs Employee
- Is Your Gift Taxable
- Keeping Good Tax Records
- Rental Income and Expenses
- Summer Day Camp Expenses May Qualify for a Tax Credit
- Tax Calendar for Small Businesses
- Withholding Amounts/Payments
Affordable Care Act Tax Provisions Questions & Answers
Most taxpayers are going to be affected by some portion of the Affordable Care Act and should expect additional questions from their tax preparer for 2014 in order to comply with some of the provisions. The IRS and HealthCare.gov have extensive information regarding your responsibilities under the Affordable Care Act with regard to your health insurance coverage, the Individual and Employer Shared Responsibilities, the Premium Tax Credit, the Additional Medicare Tax, and the Net Investment Income Tax. See this link to answer many of your questions.
Alternative Minimum Tax, Six IRS Tips
The Alternative Minimum Tax attempts to ensure that anyone who benefits from certain tax advantages pays at least a minimum amount of tax. The AMT provides an alternative set of rules for calculating your income tax. In general these rules should determine the minimum amount of tax that someone with your income should be required to pay. If your regular tax falls below this minimum, you have to make up the difference by paying alternative minimum tax. See five facts the IRS wants you to know about the AMT.
Charitable Contributions
Charitable Donations from IRAs - The option for individuals who are 70-1/2 or older to donate up to $100,000 from IRAs to charitable organizations has been extended through 2013.
To deduct a charitable cash donation, regardless of the amount, you must have a bank record or a written communication from the charity showing the name of the charity and the date and amount of the contribution. Acceptable bank records would include canceled checks or bank or credit union statements containing the name of the charity, the date and the amount of the contribution.
Under the previous rules, records such as personal bank registers, diaries or notes made around the time of the donation could often be used as evidence of cash donations. Personal records like this are no longer sufficient.
Here are some additional tips to help you deduct your charitable contributions on your federal tax return.
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Charitable contributions are deductible only if you itemize deductions using Form 1040.
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Contributions must be made to a qualified organization.
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Used clothing and household items such as furniture, linens and appliances must be in good used condition.
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Vehicle donations are subject to special rules.
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To deduct charitable contributions of items valued at $250 or more you must have a written acknowledgment from the qualified organization.
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To deduct charitable contributions of items valued at $500 or more you must complete a Form 8283, Noncash Charitable Contributions, and attach the form to your return.
More information is available on the IRS Web site at IRS.gov. A good resource is IRS Publication 526, Charitable Contributions, found on the web site or by calling 800-TAX-FORM (800-829-3676).
Additional information: Goodwill Valuation Guide
Determining Value of Donated Property: IRS Pub 561
Noncash Charitable Contributions: IRS Form 8283
Charitable Contribution - Tips on Travel While Giving to Charity
Do you plan to donate your services to charity this summer? Will you travel as part of the service? If so, some travel expenses may help lower your taxes when you file your tax return next year. Here are five tax tips you should know if you travel while giving your services to charity.
1. You can’t deduct the value of your services that you give to charity. But you may be able to deduct some out-of-pocket costs you pay to give your services. This can include the cost of travel. All out-of pocket costs must be:
• unreimbursed,
• directly connected with the services,
• expenses you had only because of the services you gave, and
• not personal, living or family expenses.
2. Your volunteer work must be for a qualified charity. Most groups other than churches and governments must apply to the IRS to become qualified. Ask the group about its IRS status before you donate. You can also use the Select Check tool on IRS.gov to check the group’s status.
3. Some types of travel do not qualify for a tax deduction. For example, you can’t deduct your costs if a significant part of the trip involves recreation or a vacation. For more on these rules see Publication 526, Charitable Contributions.
4. You can deduct your travel expenses if your work is real and substantial throughout the trip. You can’t deduct expenses if you only have nominal duties or do not have any duties for significant parts of the trip.
5. Deductible travel expenses may include:
• air, rail and bus transportation,
• car expenses,
• lodging costs,
• the cost of meals, and
• taxi or other transportation costs between the airport or station and your hotel.
For more see Publication 526, Charitable Contributions. You can get it on IRS.gov or by calling 800-TAX-FORM (800-829-3676).
College Tax Benefits for 2014 and Beyond
In general, the American opportunity tax credit, lifetime learning credit and tuition and fees deduction are available to taxpayers who pay qualifying expenses for an eligible student. Eligible students include the primary taxpayer, the taxpayer’s spouse or a dependent of the taxpayer. Please see IRS article for detailed information.
Do you need to amend your return?
You’ve discovered an error or determined that you are entitled to a previously unclaimed credit or deduction, after your tax return has been filed. Do you need to amend your tax return?
The IRS usually corrects math errors or requests missing forms – such as W-2s or schedules – when processing an original return. In these instances, do not amend your return.
However, you should file an amended return if any of the following were reported incorrectly:
- Your filing status
- Your dependents
- Your total income
- Your deductions or credits
Generally, to claim a refund, you must file Form 1040X within three years from the date you filed your original return or within two years from the date you paid the tax, whichever is later.
Please contact us if you need to file an amended return.
Eight Things to Know If You Receive an IRS Notice
Every year, the IRS sends millions of letters and notices to taxpayers. Many taxpayers will receive this correspondence during the late summer and fall. Here are eight things every taxpayer should know about IRS notices – just in case one shows up in your mailbox.
- Don’t panic. Many of these letters can be dealt with simply and painlessly.
- There are number of reasons the IRS sends notices to taxpayers. The notice may request payment of taxes, notify you of a change to your account or request additional information. The notice you receive normally covers a very specific issue about your account or tax return.
- Each letter and notice offers specific instructions on what you are asked to do to satisfy the inquiry.
- 4. If you receive a correction notice, you should review the correspondence and compare it with the information on your return.
- If you agree with the correction to your account, usually no reply is necessary unless a payment is due.
- If you do not agree with the correction the IRS made, it is important that you respond as requested. Write to explain why you disagree. Include any documents and information you wish the IRS to consider, along with the bottom tear-off portion of the notice. Mail the information to the IRS address shown in the upper left-hand corner of the notice. Allow at least 30 days for a response.
- Most correspondence can be handled without calling or visiting an IRS office. However, if you have questions, call the telephone number in the upper right-hand corner of the notice. Have a copy of your tax return and the correspondence available when you call to help us respond to your inquiry.
- It’s important that you keep copies of any correspondence with your records.
For more information about IRS notices and bills, see Publication 594, The IRS Collection Process. Information about penalties and interest charges is available in Publication 17, Your Federal Income Tax for Individuals. Both publications are available at IRS.gov or by calling 800-TAX-FORM (800-829-3676).
Links:
- Publication 594, The IRS Collection Process
- Publication 17, Your Federal Income Tax for Individuals
Employer W-2 Filing Instructions
- Employer W-2 Filing Instruction & Information
- Information and Instructions to Verify Social Security Numbers Online
The attached pdf payroll file is from an article by the Washington Association of Accountants and provides important information about ITINs (Individual Taxpayer Identification Number); how to verify social security numbers via internet, telephone and paper; how long a W-4 is in effect; and withholding income taxes on wages of nonresident alien employees.
Five Facts about Suspicious Emails
There are many e-mail scams circulating that fraudulently use the Internal Revenue Service name or logo as a lure. The goal of the scam – known as phishing – is to trick you into revealing personal and financial information. The scammers can then use your personal information – such as your Social Security number, bank account or credit card numbers – to commit identity theft and steal your money.
Here are five things the IRS wants you to know about phishing scams.
1. The IRS does not send unsolicited e-mails about a person’s tax account or ask for detailed personal and financial information via e-mail.
2. The IRS never asks taxpayers for their PIN numbers, passwords or similar secret access information for their credit card, bank or other financial accounts.
3. If you receive an e-mail from someone claiming to be the IRS or directing you to an IRS site,
- Do not reply to the message.
- Do not open any attachments. Attachments may contain malicious code that will infect your computer.
- Do not click on any links. If you clicked on links in a suspicious e-mail or phishing Web site and entered confidential information, visit IRS.gov and enter the search term 'identity theft' for more information and resources to help.
4. You can help shut down these schemes and prevent others from being victimized. If you receive a suspicious e-mail that claims to come from the IRS, you can forward that e-mail to a special IRS mailbox, phishing@irs.gov. You can forward the message as received or provide the Internet header of the e-mail. The Internet header has additional information to help us locate the sender.
5. Remember, the official IRS Web site is http://www.irs.gov/. Do not be confused or misled by sites claiming to be the IRS but end in .com, .net, .org or other designations instead of .gov.
Link: Suspicious e-Mails and Identity Theft
Five Filing Facts for Recently Married or Divorced Taxpayers
If you were married or divorced recently, there are a couple of things you’ll want to do to ensure the name on your tax return matches the name registered with the Social Security Administration.
Here are five facts from the IRS for recently married or divorced taxpayers. Following these steps will help avoid problems when you file your tax return.
- If you took your spouse’s last name or if both spouses hyphenate their last names, you may run into complications if you don’t notify the SSA. When newlyweds file a tax return using their new last names, IRS computers can’t match the new name with their Social Security Number.
- If you were recently divorced and changed back to your previous last name, you’ll also need to notify the SSA of this name change.
- Informing the SSA of a name change is a snap; you’ll just need to file a Form SS-5, Application for a Social Security Card at your local SSA office.
- Form SS-5 is available on SSA’s Web site at www.socialsecurity.gov, by calling 800-772-1213 or at local offices. It usually takes about two weeks to have the change verified.
Home Office Deduction
Here are five important things the IRS wants you to know about claiming the home office deduction.
1. Generally, in order to claim a business deduction for your home, you must use part of your home exclusively and regularly:
- As your principal place of business, or
- As a place to meet or deal with patients, clients or customers in the normal course of your business, or
- In the case of a separate structure which is not attached to your home, it must be used in connection with your trade or business
For certain storage use, rental use or daycare-facility use, you are required to use the property regularly but not exclusively.
2. Generally, the amount you can deduct depends on the percentage of your home that you used for business. Your deduction for certain expenses will be limited if your gross income from your business is less than your total business expenses.
3. There are special rules for qualified daycare providers and for persons storing business inventory or product samples.
4. If you are self-employed, use Form 8829, Expenses for Business Use of Your Home, to figure your home office deduction. Report the deduction on line 30 of Schedule C, Form 1040.
5. Different rules apply to claiming the home office deduction if you are an employee. For example, the regular and exclusive business use must be for the convenience of your employer.
For more information see IRS Publication 587, Business Use of Your Home, available on IRS.gov or by calling 800-TAX-FORM (800-829-3676).
Simplified Option
For taxable years starting on, or after, January 1, 2013 (filed beginning in 2014), you now have asimpler option for computing the business use of your home (IRS Revenue Procedure 2013-13, January 15, 2013). The standard method has some calculation, allocation, and substantiation requirements that are complex and burdensome for small business owners. This new simplified option can significantly reduce recordkeeping burden by allowing a qualified taxpayer to multiply a prescribed rate by the allowable square footage of the office in lieu of determining actual expenses.
Regular Method
Taxpayers using the regular method (required for tax years 2012 and prior), instead of the optional method, must determine the actual expenses of their home office. These expenses may include mortgage interest, insurance, utilities, repairs, and depreciation. Generally, when using the regular method, deductions for a home office are based on the percentage of your home devoted to business use. So, if you use a whole room or part of a room for conducting your business, you need to figure out the percentage of your home devoted to your business activities.
Links: Publication 587, Business Use of Your Home; IRS - Home Office Deduction; comparison chart Simplified/Regular Method
Mileage Rate
IRS Standard mileage rates for 2015:
- 57.5 cents per mile for business miles driven
- 23 cents per mile driven for medical or moving purposes
- 14 cents per mile driven in service of charitable organizations
New Identity Theft Scams
The Internal Revenue Service reminds consumers to avoid identity theft scams that use the IRS name, logo or Web site in an attempt to convince taxpayers that the scam is a genuine communication from the IRS. Scammers may use other federal agency names, such as the U.S. Department of the Treasury.
In an identity theft scam, a fraudster, often posing as a trusted government, financial or business institution or official, tries to trick a victim into revealing personal and financial information, such as credit card numbers and passwords, bank account numbers and passwords, Social Security numbers and more. Generally, identity thieves use someone’s personal data to steal his or her financial accounts, run up charges on the victim’s existing credit cards, apply for new loans, credit cards, services or benefits in the victim’s name and even file fraudulent tax returns.
The scams may take place through e-mail, fax or phone. When they take place via e-mail, they are called “phishing” scams.
The IRS does not discuss tax account matters with taxpayers by e-mail.
The IRS urges consumers to avoid falling for the following recent schemes:
- Making Work Pay Refund
- Inherited Funds / Lottery Winnings / Cash Consignment
- Form W-8BEN
- Refund Scam
How to Spot a Scam
Many e-mail scams are fairly sophisticated and hard to detect. However, there are signs to watch for, such as an e-mail that:
- Requests detailed or an unusual amount of personal and/or financial information, such as name, SSN, bank or credit card account numbers or security-related information, such as mother’s maiden name, either in the e-mail itself or on another site to which a link in the e-mail sends the recipient.
- Dangles bait to get the recipient to respond to the e-mail, such as mentioning a tax refund or offering to pay the recipient to participate in an IRS survey.
- Threatens a consequence for not responding to the e-mail, such as additional taxes or blocking access to the recipient’s funds.
- Gets the Internal Revenue Service or other federal agency names wrong.
- Uses incorrect grammar or odd phrasing (many of the e-mail scams originate overseas and are written by non-native English speakers).
- Uses a really long address in any link contained in the e-mail message or one that does not start with the actual IRS Web site address (www.irs.gov). To see the actual link address, or url, move the mouse over the link included in the text of the e-mail.
Additional information can be found on the IRS web site, Suspicious e-Mails and Identity Theft.
Independent Contractor vs. Employee
Are your workers independent contractors or employees? Employers who misclassify workers as independent contractors can end up with substantial tax bills as well as penalties for failing to pay employment taxes and failing to file required tax forms. Workers can avoid higher tax bills and lost benefits if they know their proper status.
Both employers and workers can ask the IRS to make a determination on whether a specific individual is an independent contractor or an employee by filing a Form SS-8, Determination of Worker Status for Purposes of Federal Employment Taxes and Income Tax Withholding, with the IRS.
Generally, whether a worker is an employee or an independent contractor depends upon how much control you have as a business owner. If you have the right to control or direct not only what is to be done but also how it is to be done then your workers are most likely employees. If you can direct or control only the result of the work done, and not the means and methods of accomplishing the result, then your workers are probably independent contractors.
Three broad characteristics are used by the IRS to determine the relationship between businesses and workers - Behavioral Control, Financial Control, and the Type of Relationship. Behavioral Control covers facts that show whether the business has a right to direct or control how the work is done through instructions, training, or other means. Financial Control covers facts that show whether the business has a right to direct or control the financial and business aspects of the worker's job. The Type of Relationship factor relates to how the workers and the business owner perceive their relationship.
The State of Washington has slightly different rules regarding worker classification, so even if you determine that your worker is an independent contractor for IRS purposes you may still be liable for WA State Unemployment http://www.esd.wa.gov/uitax/ or WA State Industrial Insurance (Workers’ Compensation) http://www.lni.wa.gov/IPUB/101-002-000.pdf. Be sure to check with your accountant if you believe you may have reporting requirements with regard to employment taxes.
Knowing the proper worker classification can be critical to your business. Don’t guess. Act now to make certain you know for sure.
Additional Information Links:
* Contractor vs. Employee
* Publication 1779
* Publication 15-A (Circular E)
Is Your Gift Taxable
If you give someone money or property during your life, you may be subject to the federal gift tax. Most gifts are not subject to the gift tax, but the IRS has put together "Eight Tips" to help you determine if your gift is taxable. If you determine your gift is taxable, you must file a gift tax return on Form 709.
The annual exclusion applies to gifts to each donee and is currently $13,000. You and your spouse are each entitled to the annual exclusion. Together you can give $26,000 to each donee.
Keeping Good Tax Records
Publication 552, Recordkeeping for Individuals, provides detailed information on individual record keeping requirements.
Publication 583, Starting a Business and Keeping Records, and Publication 463, Travel, Entertainment, Gift, and Car Expenses, provide additional information on required documentation for taxpayers with business expenses.
These publications can be downloaded from IRS.gov or ordered by calling 800-TAX-FORM (800-829-3676).
Rental Income and Expenses
Do you rent property to others? If so, you'll want to read the seven tips from the IRS about rental income and expenses.
You generally must include in your gross income all amounts you receive as rent. Rental income is any payment you receive for the use of or occupation of property. Expenses of renting property can be deducted from your gross rental income. You generally deduct your rental expenses in the year you pay them. Publication 527, Residential Rental Property, includes information on the expenses you can deduct if you rent property.
Summer Day Camp Expenses May Qualify for a Tax Credit
Many parents who work or are looking for work must arrange for care of their children under 13 years of age during school vacation. There is a tax credit available for child care expenses. See IRS Summertime tax tip 2011-01 for additional information.
Tax Calendar for Small Businesses
The IRS offers a free calendar to help you keep track of tax deadlines and important dates throughout the year. The 2013 IRS Tax Calendar for Small Businesses and Self-Employed, Publication 1518, is now available. On IRS.gov you can download the tax calendar due dates and actions, and import them into Outlook or iCal. Printed copies of the tax calendar can also be ordered online or by calling 800-TAX-FORM (800-829-3676). This is a 12-month calendar filled with deadline reminders, important information such as changes in deductible mileage rates and business tips such as how to organize business and travel expenses.
Withholding Amounts/Payments
Some people are surprised to learn they’re due a large federal income tax refund when they file their taxes. Others are surprised that they owe more taxes than they expected. When this happens, it’s a good idea to check your federal tax withholding or payments. Doing so now can help avoid a tax surprise when you file your 2013 tax return next year.
Here are some tips to help you bring the tax you pay during the year closer to what you’ll actually owe.
Wages and Income Tax Withholding
- New Job. Your employer will ask you to complete a Form W-4, Employee's Withholding Allowance Certificate. Complete it accurately to figure the amount of federal income tax to withhold from your paychecks.
- Life Event. Change your Form W-4 when certain life events take place. A change in marital status, birth of a child, getting or losing a job, or purchasing a home, for example, can all change the amount of taxes you owe. You can typically submit a new Form W–4 anytime.
- IRS Withholding Calculator. This handy online tool will help you figure the correct amount of tax to withhold based on your situation. If a change is necessary, the tool will help you complete a new Form W-4.
Self-Employment and Other Income
- Estimated tax. This is how you pay tax on income that’s not subject to withholding. Examples include income from self-employment, interest, dividends, alimony, rent and gains from the sale of assets. You also may need to pay estimated tax if the amount of income tax withheld from your wages, pension or other income is not enough. If you expect to owe a thousand dollars or more in taxes and meet other conditions, you may need to make estimated tax payments.
- Form 1040-ES. Use the worksheet in Form 1040-ES, Estimated Tax for Individuals, to find out if you need to pay estimated taxes on a quarterly basis.
- Change in Estimated Tax. After you make an estimated tax payment, some life events or financial changes may affect your future payments. Changes in your income, adjustments, deductions, credits or exemptions may make it necessary for you to refigure your estimated tax.
- Additional Medicare Tax. A new Additional Medicare Tax went into effect on Jan. 1, 2013. The 0.9 percent Additional Medicare Tax applies to an individual’s wages, Railroad Retirement Tax Act compensation and self-employment income that exceeds a threshold amount based on the individual’s filing status. For additional information on the Additional Medicare Tax, see our questions and answers.
- Net Investment Income Tax. A new Net Investment Income Tax went into effect on Jan. 1, 2013. The 3.8 percent Net Investment Income Tax applies to individuals, estates and trusts that have certain investment income above certain threshold amounts. For additional information on the Net Investment Income Tax, see our questions and answers.
See Publication 505, Tax Withholding and Estimated Tax, for more on this topic. You can get it at IRS.gov or by calling 1-800-TAX-FORM (1-800-829-3676).
IRS Resources:
- IRS Withholding Calculator tool
- Tax Withholding
- Form W-4, Employee's Withholding Allowance Certificate
- Form 1040-ES, Estimated Tax for Individuals
- Publication 505, Tax Withholding and Estimated Tax